Method and apparatus for ventilating and refrigerating.



C. W. MILES.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING AND REFRIGERATING. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 14. 1915.

1 52,472 Patented Jan. 8, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

C. W. MILES.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING AND REFRIGERATING.

' APPLICATION FILED JUNE 14. 1915.

1,%52,'Z2, Patented J an. 8, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- To all whom may concern:

CASPER W. MILES, OF ANDERSON TOWNSHIP, HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR vV1:1\'|"11II1'4A'.I.IN' G AND REFRIGERATIN G.

Be it known that I, CASPER W. MILES, a citizen of the United' States, residing at Anderson township, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods and Apparatus for Ventilating and Refrigerating, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in method and apparatus to ventilate and cool or refrigerate public or other buildings. One of its objects is to-provide an ample sup ply of cool air in the portion of the room or rooms where the occupants are located and to provide for its replacement with fresh air without excessive waste of refrigerating energy. Another object is to provide for the economical separation and removal of heat developed or introduced into the room. Another object is to provide a purified dry and cooled air. Another object is to provide for storing up refrigerating energy'for consid erable periods of time and rendering the same available during short periods when the room is occupied by large numbers of people. Another object is to provide .improved apparatus for continuously carrying out my improved method of ventilating and cooling. My invention alSO comprisescertain details of form, combination and arrangement and order of procedure, all of which will be fullyset forth in the description of the accompanying drawings in which:v

Figure 1 is a vertical section through a building containing a public hall, theater, or the like room, and illustrating my improved apparatus employed in ventilating and cooling the same. i

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional detail of the air inlet and exit temperature or heat exchanger.

Fig. 3 is a top plan, partly in sectlon of a portion of the air cooling apparatus. I

' The accompanying drawings illustrate the preferred embodiment of my invention in which A represents a public hall such as a church, theater or the like in which a large number of people are to be assembled and in warm weather require the air to be cooled as well as to be frequently replaced to render the occupants cool and comfortable. A represents seats for the occupants. In order to economically cool or refrigerate the an of the room as well as ventilate it, I provide Specification of Letters Patent.

pied by the people.

stratum causes any heated air which is ad- Patented Jan. 8,1918.

Application filed J une 14, 1915. Serial No. 34,108.

for keeping the air of the room separated by gravlty 1nto a warm stratum in the upper portion which is unoccupied and a cool stratum inthe lower portion which is occu- Thus the cool lower mitted to the room or exhaled by the people, or heated by contact with the people or illuminating apparatus to quickly rise to the upper part of the room, and separate itself from the cool lower stratum. This heated air is discharged direct to the atmosphere through a vent or draft tube Bat the top of the room, and the rapidity of the discharge is controlled according to the external tem-.

. necessary by means of an electrically driven fan 5 to cause an increased volume of air to escape through the vent B over what would escape by natural draft. By thus regulating the escape of heated air through the vent of the heated air separates from the cool air and is eliminated from the room and at the same time the relative depth. of the cool stratum is uniformly. maintained so that the people are submerged in air of the cool stratum.

The air of the cool stratum is to becirculated to and from the room, but in relatively less volume than would otherwise be re.- quired and being materially cooler than the external air it can not be economically wasted-or vented direct to the open air until after its negative heat value has been recovered to be further utilized. This is attained by Withdrawing a regulated volume of cool air from the lower portion of the side walls of room A, or if desired from openings at or near the floor. As illustrated 6 representexit conduits for withdrawing cool air from room A. From the conduit 6 the cool air is conducted through a conduit 7 to a circulating fan 8 which forces it through a series of tubes 9 and thence through a conduit 9' to the open air. The fresh air to be taken into the room A is received preferably from an elevated location where as pure and cool an air supply as possible is available into the upper end of a "B to meet varying conditions practically all i stack or conduit D down which it may be drawn in regulated quantity by a circulating fan or blower 10. At the lower end of the stack D is a chamber 11 inclosing the tubes 9, where the fresh air from stack D comes into contact with the exterior of tubes 9 and is cooled by or exchanges temperature with the cool air passing out of room A through the tubes 9. From the chamber 11 the fresh air passes by conduit 12 to a chamber 14 where preferably all of it passes through a fine spray of cold water issuing from perforations in the under side of the horizontal tubes 15. The contact of the air and cold spray serves to further and materially cool or refrigerate the air at the same time extracting therefrom its surplus moisture and practically all dust and germs of impurities.

In order to separate the air from any mist or fine particles of moisture due tocooling it with the spray, it is.passed through a screen 16 preferably of thin cotton cloth support-ed upon and able to travel over a series of rollers 17, thereby providing a screen capable of being removed and cleaned and replaced with another when desired. From the chamber 14 the air passes through a conduit 18 to a distributing conduit 19 from which it is discharged into the room A, preferably upon the opposite side from which cool air is withdrawn from room A. The cool air upon entering room A distributesitself in a substantially uniform stratum occupying all of the lower portion of room A where it remains until either heated so as to rise and escape by exit B or until it is withdrawn through the exit 6. Any air whichhas been heated by respiration or direct contact with the occupants of the room will immediately rise and escape by the exit B. g

E represents a water stora e tank in which are immersed a series of re rigerating coils 20 and 20' either or both of which are kept cool by means of an ice machine compressor 21 and condenser 22. The water in the tank E is preferably fresh water and may be reduced to any desired temperature not below its freezing point, although a considerable body of ice may if desired be frozen upon the exterior of the coils 20 or 20' to serve as a reserve or accumulated body of refriger ant tobe drawn upon when required. The tank E is also of a size to hold a reserve supply of water to be cooled. This enables the refrigerating machine to be of relatively smaller capacity than otherwise necessary, and allows the refrigerating machinery to be operated continuously storing up refrigerating energy in the water of tank E so that it may all become available during the few hours per day or per week, that refrigeration of the air supply of room A 1s required. The fresh water from tank E is room A. The cooling system is also applicable to the separate rooms of a hotel or office building if desired.

. My invention as herein disclosed iscapable of considerable modification without departing from the principle thereof.

Having described my invention, what I claim is 2- l. The method of ventilating and refrigerating which comprises maintaining in a room an upper stratum of relatively warm air and a lower stratum of air of temperature lower than that of the external atmosphere, removing warm air from said upper stratum, and supplying air of lower temperature than that of the external atmosphere to maintain said lower stratum of air of substantially uniform volume.

2. The method of ventilating and refrigerating which comprises maintaining in a room on upper zone of relatively warm air and a lower zone of cool air, thereby displacing by gravity any heat developed in said lowercool zone, removing heated air from said upper zone, circulating air to and from said lower zone to renew and replenish the air supply of said lower zone, and cooling the air of said lower zone below the temperature of the external atmosphere.

3. The method of ventilating and refrigcrating which comprises maintaining in a room an upper zone of relatively warm air zone into a fresh volume of air to be subsequently introduced into said lower zone.

4. The method of ventilating and refrigcrating which comprises maintaining in a room an upper zone of relatively warm air and a lower zone of cool air, removing warm air from said upper zone, circulatin air to and from said lower zone, exchanging the refrigerating value of the air. extracted from said lower zone into the fresh air current flowing to said lower zone, and applying a refrigerant to said fresh air current after such exchange.

the method of ventilating and refrigcrating which comprises, in a room {the lower ortion of which forms a substantially tight container therefor, establishing a stratum of air of lower temperature than that of the external atmosphere and above said cool stratum of air a stratum of relatively warmer air, maintaining said lower cool stratum of air at substantially uniform volume, and removing warm air from the upper stratum in said room.

6. A ventilating and cooling apparatus comprising in combination with a room, an air exit near the top thereof to permit the escape of warm air, air inlet and exit ports through the walls of the lower portion of the room, means to circulate a fresh supply of v air through the lower portion of the room from said inlet ports to said exit ports, means to'initially cool the air before it enters said inlet ports by exchanging the refrigerating value of the air leaving the cool air exit ports thereto,and means to subsequently further cool the air supplied to said cool air warm air exit, air inlet and exit ports.

through the walls of the lower portion of the room, means to circulate a fresh supply of air through the lower portion of the room from said inlet ports to said lower exit ports, and means to purify and-refrigerate the air supplied through said inlet ports.

8. A ventilating and cooling apparatuscomprising in combination with a room, an air exit near the top thereof to permit the escape of warm air, air inlet and exit ports through the walls of the lower portion of the room, means to circulate fresh air through the lower portion of the room from said inlet ports to said exit ports, and means to cool the air supplied through said inlet ports to a temperature lower than that of the external atmosphere.

9. In a ventilating and refrigerating apparatus, in combination with a 'room the lower portion of which forms a substantially tight container for cool air, means to maintain a stratum of substantially uniform volume and of a temperature lower than that of the external atmosphere in the lower portion of said room, and an exit port to conduct warm air from the upper portion of said room.

10. In a ventilating and refrigerating apparatus, in combination with a room the lower portion of which forms a substantially tight containerifor cool air, an inlet pol; to supply air to the lower portion of sal plied through said inlet port to a temperature lower than that of the external atmosphere, and an exit port to conduct warm air from the upper portion of said room.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

CASPER W. MILES.

room, means to refrigerate the air sup-. 

